What is cyber-security?
The technique of protecting computers, servers, mobile devices, electronic systems, networks, and data from hostile intrusions is known as cybersecurity. It is sometimes referred to as electronic information security or information technology security. The concept is used in a range of contexts, ranging from business to mobile computing, and can be broken down into a few categories.
- The practice of securing a network of computers against invaders, whether targeted attackers or opportunistic malware, is referred to as network security.
- Application security is tasked with ensuring that software and devices are free of risks. A hacked application could allow access to the data it was supposed to secure. Security starts throughout the design phase, long before a program or device is deployed.
- Data integrity and privacy are protected by information security, both in storage and in circulation.
- The processes and decisions for handling and securing data assets are included in operational security. The protocols that dictate how and where data may be kept or exchanged, as well as the permissions users, have while accessing a network, all fall under this umbrella.
- Disaster recovery and business continuity are terms that describe how a company reacts in the case of a cyber-security breach or any other catastrophe that results in the loss of operations or data. Disaster recovery policies define how an organization returns operations and information to the same operational capabilities as before the disaster. Business continuity is the plan that an organization uses when it is unable to operate due to a lack of resources.
- End-user education addresses the most unpredictable aspect of cybersecurity: people. By failing to follow appropriate security measures, anyone can unintentionally introduce a virus into an otherwise protected system. It is critical for every organization’s security to teach users to delete suspicious email attachments, not plug in unrecognized USB drives, and a variety of other key teachings.
Types of cyber threats
Cyber-security counters three types of threats:
1. Cybercrime entails both single actors or groups who target systems for monetary gain or to cause disruption.
2. Politically motivated information gathering is frequently used in cyber-attacks.
3. Cyber-terrorism aims to disrupt electronic systems in order to cause panic or dread.
So how do cybercriminals gain access to a system? Here are some common methods for jeopardizing cyber-security.
There are a number of different types of malware, including:
- Trojans are a type of malware that sets itself up as legitimate software. Cyber-criminals manipulate users into downloading Trojans on their computers, which cause significant damage or gather information.
- A virus is a self-replicating program that attaches to a clean file and spreads throughout a computer system, able to infect files with malicious software.
- Botnets: Networks of malware-infected computers used by cybercriminals to perform online tasks without the user’s permission.
- Adware is a marketing software that could be used to exploit weaknesses.
- Spyware: A program that discreetly captures what a user does in order for hackers to use this information. Spyware, for example, could record credit card information.
- Ransomware: Malware that encrypts a user’s information and folders and threatens to delete it unless a ransom is paid.
Cybersafety tips – protect yourself against cyberattacks
1. Update your software and operating system
2. Use anti-virus software
3. Use strong passwords
4. Do not open email attachments from unknown senders
5. Do not click on links in emails from unknown senders or unfamiliar websites
6. Avoid using unsecured Wi-Fi networks in public places
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